ʻO ka papa kiʻekiʻe o polyester, polyester PVDF a me ka pena fluororesin. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka pale metala i ka pepa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, # 304 pepa kila kila, pepa alumini-magnesiuma-managanese a me ka pepa oka a aluminika. No laila he maikaʻi anti-corrosion, waikawa, anti-crak, thermostability a me nā kūpuna kūpuna. ʻO nā kumuhana kumu A-papa lapalapa pale (koe wale ka waihona meli.) ʻAʻohe mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka wā o ka puhi ʻana a i ʻole ke aniani kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana e ninini ana. Ma ke ʻano he huahana mua loa o ka lumi hoʻomaʻemaʻe, lumi lumi, hale hana lāʻau lapaʻau, hale hana uila uila, hale hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka ikaika nui, ka hopena kūpaʻa, ke kūpikipiki maikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka maʻalahi a me ke kau ʻana.

Nā ʻoihana pili pono: ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka lāʻau a me ke olakino, kaohi maʻi, ka nānā ʻana a me ka quarantine, ʻenehana Optical, ʻenehana laser, nā pono pono, microelectronics, etc.