Njengoba amagagasi okushisa amakhulu ebhubhisa i-United States, iYurophu ne-Afrika, ebulala izinkulungwane zabantu, ososayensi baxwayisa ngokuthi okubi kakhulu kuseza.Njengoba amazwe eqhubeka nokumpompa amagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini kanye nethuba lokuwohloka komthetho wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu e-US, amazinga okushisa ashisayo kuleli hlobo angase abonakale emnene eminyakeni engu-30.

Kuleli sonto, abaningi babone umthelela obulalayo ukushisa okubabazekayo okungaba nawo ezweni elingakulungiselele kahle amazinga okushisa ashisayo.E-UK, lapho ukupholisa umoya kuyivelakancane, izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi zivaliwe, izikole namahhovisi avalwa, futhi izibhedlela zikhansele izinqubo ezingezona eziphuthumayo.

I-air conditioning, ubuchwepheshe abaningi ababuthatha kalula emazweni acebe kakhulu emhlabeni, iyithuluzi elisindisa ukuphila phakathi namagagasi okushisa amakhulu.Kodwa-ke, cishe amaphesenti angu-8 kuphela abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.8 abahlala ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu - futhi ngokuvamile ezimpofu kakhulu - izingxenye zomhlaba okwamanje ezine-AC emakhaya abo.

Ephepheni lakamuva, ithimba labacwaningi abavela ku-Harvard China Project, ehlala e-Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), bafanekisela isidingo sesikhathi esizayo se-air conditioning njengezinsuku ezinokushisa okukhulu emhlabeni jikelele.Ithimba lithole igebe elikhulu phakathi komthamo we-AC wamanje kanye nalokho okuzodingeka ngo-2050 ukuze kusindiswe izimpilo, ikakhulukazi emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi nasathuthuka.

Abacwaningi balinganisela ukuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, okungenani u-70% wabantu emazweni amaningana uzodinga isiphephelo-moya ngo-2050 uma izinga lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni liqhubeka nokukhuphuka, lelo nani liphakeme nakakhulu emazweni asenkabazwe njenge-India ne-Indonesia.Noma ngabe umhlaba uhlangabezana nemikhawulo yokukhipha igesi ebekwe ku-Paris Climate Accords - ongekho ethubeni lokuyenza - isilinganiso sama-40% kuya ku-50% wabantu emazweni amaningi afudumele emhlabeni asazodinga i-AC.

"Kungakhathalekile ukuthi ingakanani i-emission trajectories, kumele kube nokukhushulwa okukhulu kwe-air conditioning noma ezinye izindlela zokupholisa isikhala ezigidini zezigidi zabantu ukuze bangabi ngaphansi kwalawa mazinga okushisa aphakeme empilweni yabo yonke," kusho uPeter Sherman. , umlingani we-postdoctoral e-Harvard China Project kanye nomlobi wokuqala wephepha lakamuva.

U-Sherman, nomunye u-Haiyang Lin, no-Michael McElroy, u-Gilbert Butler onguSolwazi Wezemvelo Ezemvelo e-SEAS, babheke ngokukhethekile izinsuku lapho inhlanganisela yokushisa nomswakama, elinganiswa ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa elenziwe lula le-wet-bulb, lingabulala noma lincane. , abantu abanempilo emahoreni ambalwa nje.Lezi zehlakalo ezimbi kakhulu zingenzeka uma amazinga okushisa ephezulu ngokwanele noma uma umswakama uphezulu ngokwanele ukuvimbela umjuluko ekupholiseni umzimba.

“Ngenkathi sigxile ezinsukwini lapho izinga lokushisa elenziwe lula le-wet-bulb lidlula umkhawulo lapho amazinga okushisa ebeka engcupheni impilo yabantu abaningi, amazinga okushisa e-wet-bulb ngaphansi kwalowo mngcele angase angakhululeki futhi abe yingozi ngokwanele ukudinga i-AC, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini. ,” kusho uSherman."Ngakho-ke, lokhu kungenzeka kuwukubukelwa phansi ukuthi abantu be-AC bazodinga malini ngokuzayo."

Ithimba libheke ikusasa elibili - elilodwa lapho ukukhishwa kwezisi ezibamba ukushisa kukhuphuka kakhulu ukusuka esilinganisweni sanamuhla kanye nekusasa eliphakathi nomgwaqo lapho ukukhishwa kwegesi kuhlehliswa khona kodwa kunganqanyulwa ngokuphelele.
 
Esikhathini esizayo esikhipha umoya ongcolile, ithimba locwaningo lalinganisela ukuthi u-99% wabantu basemadolobheni e-India nase-Indonesia bazodinga ukushaywa umoya.EJalimane, izwe elinesimo sezulu esishisayo ngokomlando, abacwaningi balinganisela ukuthi cishe u-92% wabantu uzodinga i-AC ezenzakalweni zokushisa okukhulu.E-US, cishe u-96% wabantu bazodinga i-AC.
 
Amazwe anemali engenayo ephezulu njenge-US alungele kangcono ikusasa elibi kakhulu.Okwamanje, abantu abangaba ngu-90% e-US banokufinyelela ku-AC, uma kuqhathaniswa no-9% e-Indonesia kanye no-5% kuphela e-India.
 
Noma ngabe ukukhishwa kuncishisiwe, i-India ne-Indonesia kusazodingeka ukuthi kufakwe isiphephetha-moya ku-92% kanye no-96% wabantu basemadolobheni, ngokulandelana.
 
I-AC eyengeziwe izodinga amandla engeziwe.Amagagasi okushisa okudlulele asevele edonsa kanzima amagridi kagesi emhlabeni wonke futhi ukwanda kwesidingo esikhulu se-AC kungase kuphushe amasistimu amanje afike lapho anganqamuka khona.E-US, isibonelo, isiyondisi somoya sesivele singaphezu kuka-70% wesidingo esikhulu sikagesi wezindawo zokuhlala ngezinsuku ezishisa kakhulu kwezinye izifundazwe.
 
“Uma unyusa isidingo se-AC, lokho kunomthelela omkhulu nakugridi kagesi,” kusho uSherman."Kufaka ingcindezi kugridi ngoba wonke umuntu uzosebenzisa i-AC ngasikhathi sinye, okuthinta isidingo esikhulu sikagesi."
 
“Uma uhlela izinhlelo zikagesi zesikhathi esizayo, kuyacaca ukuthi awukwazi ukumane ukhulise isidingo sanamuhla, ikakhulukazi emazweni afana ne-India ne-Indonesia,” kusho uMcElroy."Ubuchwepheshe obufana namandla elanga bungaba wusizo ikakhulukazi ekusingatheni lezi zinselelo, njengoba ijika elihambisanayo lokuhlinzeka kufanele lihambisane kahle nalezi zikhathi zokufunwa kwenani eliphakeme ehlobo."
 
Amanye amasu okulinganisa ukwanda kwesidingo sikagesi ahlanganisa ama-dehumidifiers, asebenzisa amandla amancane kakhulu kune-air conditioning.Noma ngabe isiphi isixazululo, kusobala ukuthi ukushisa okwedlulele akuyona nje inkinga yezizukulwane ezizayo.
 
“Lena inkinga okwamanje,” kusho uSherman.