Imihlahlandlela emisha yokuthobela yoMnyango Wezamandla wase-US (DOE's), echazwa “njengezinga elikhulu kakhulu lokonga amandla emlandweni,” izoba nomthelela ngokusemthethweni embonini yokushisisa nokupholisa ezohwebo.

Izindinganiso ezintsha, ezimenyezelwe ngo-2015, zihlelelwe ukuthi ziqale ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 1, 2018 futhi zizoshintsha indlela abakhiqizi abakha ngayo ama-air conditioner ophahleni lwezentengiselwano, amaphampu okushisa nomoya ofudumele wezakhiwo "eziphakeme kakhulu".njengezitolo, izikhungo zemfundo kanye nezibhedlela ezisezingeni eliphakathi.

Kungani?Inhloso yezinga elisha ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-RTU nokunqamula ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokumosha.Kulindeleke ukuthi lezi zinguquko zizosindisa abanikazi bezakhiwo imali eningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi— kodwa, kunjalo, igunya lika-2018 lethula izinselelo ezithile kubabambiqhaza kuyo yonke imboni ye-HVAC.

Ake sibheke ezinye zezindawo lapho imboni ye-HVAC izozwa khona umthelela wezinguquko:

Amakhodi wokwakha/isakhiwo - Osonkontileka bokwakha bazodinga ukulungisa amapulani aphansi namamodeli esakhiwo ukuze ahlangabezane namazinga amasha.

Amakhodi azohluka ngokwezifunda - Geography, isimo sezulu, imithetho yamanje, kanye nesimo sezulu konke kuzothinta indlela izwe ngalinye eliwamukela ngayo amakhodi.

Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuncishisiwe kanye nokutholakala kwekhabhoni - I-DOE ilinganisela ukuthi amazinga azokwehlisa ukungcoliswa kwekhabhoni ngamathani amamethrikhi ayizigidi ezingama-885.

Abanikazi bezakhiwo kumele bathuthuke - Izindleko zangaphambili zizokwehliswa ngo-$3,700 ekongeni i-RTU ngayinye lapho umnikazi eshintsha noma ebuyisela impahla endala.

Amamodeli amasha angahle angabukeki ngendlela efanayo - Intuthuko ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla kuzoholela ekwakhiweni okusha kuma-RTU.

Ukuthengisa okunyukile kosonkontileka/abasabalalisi be-HVAC - Osonkontileka nabasabalalisi bangalindela ukukhuphuka kokuthengisa okungamaphesenti angama-45 ngokufaka kabusha noma ngokuqalisa ama-RTU amasha ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano.

Imboni, ngokwekhredithi yayo, iyakhula.Ake sibone ukuthi kanjani.

Uhlelo Lwezigaba Ezimbili Losonkontileka be-HVAC

I-DOE izokhipha amazinga amasha ngezigaba ezimbili.Isigaba Sokuqala sigxile ekwenyukeni kokusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla kuwo wonke ama-RTU anesimo somoya ngamaphesenti angu-10 kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2018. Isigaba Sesibili, esihlelelwe u-2023, sizovala ukwanda kuze kufike kumaphesenti angu-30 futhi sihlanganise nezithando zomoya ofudumele, futhi.

I-DOE ilinganisela ukuthi ukuphakamisa izinga ekusebenzeni kahle kuzonciphisa ukushisisa kwezentengiso nokupholisa ngo-1.7 trillion kWh eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu ezayo.Ukwehliswa okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzobuyisela phakathi kuka-$4,200 kuya ku-$10,000 emaphaketheni abanikazi bebhilidi abajwayelekile esikhathini esilindelekile sempilo yesibandisi somoya esivamile sophahla.

"Leli zinga elithile kwaxoxiswana ngalo nabathintekayo abafanelekile, okuhlanganisa abakhiqizi bezimo zomoya ezentengiselwano, izinhlangano ezinkulu zezimboni, izinsiza, nezinhlangano ezisebenza kahle ukuze kuphothulwe leli zinga," u-Katie Arberg, wezokuxhumana nge-Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), i-DOE, etshela abezindaba. .

I-HVAC Pros Hustle Ukuhambisana Nezinguquko

Labo okungenzeka babanjwe bengaqaphile yimithetho emisha osonkontileka be-HVAC kanye nochwepheshe abasebenza kanzima abazofaka futhi bagcine imishini emisha ye-HVAC.Nakuba kuhlale kuwumthwalo wengcweti ye-HVAC ukuhlala unolwazi ngentuthuko nezitayela zemboni, abakhiqizi bazodinga ukuchitha isikhathi bechaza amazinga e-DOE nokuthi awuthinta kanjani umsebenzi kulo mkhakha.

"Nakuba sisathulela isigqoko umzamo wokunciphisa intuthu ekhishwayo, siyaqonda futhi ukuthi kuzoba nokukhathazeka okuthile kubanikazi bezakhiwo zezentengiselwano mayelana nomsebenzi omusha," kusho uCarl Godwin, umphathi wezohwebo we-HVAC eCroppMetcalfe.“Sike saxhumana kakhulu nabakhiqizi bezentengiselwano be-HVAC futhi sithathe isikhathi eside ukuqeqesha ochwepheshe bethu bezinkanyezi ezinhlanu ngezindinganiso nezinqubo ezintsha ezizosetshenziswa ngo-Jan. 1. Siyabamukela abanikazi bezindawo zentengiso ukuthi basithinte nganoma yimiphi imibuzo. .”

Kulindeleke Amayunithi Amasha e-HVAC Yophahla Olusha

Imithethonqubo ishintsha indlela ubuchwepheshe be-HVAC obakhiwe ngayo ukuze buhlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezithuthukisiwe zokusebenza kahle.Njengoba sekusele izinyanga ezimbili kuphela, ingabe abakhiqizi bokushisisa nokupholisa bakulungele izindinganiso ezizayo?

Impendulo ithi yebo.Abakhiqizi abakhulu bokushisisa nokupholisa bazamukele izinguquko.

"Singakwazi ukwakha inani kule migqa yezitayela njengengxenye yomsebenzi wethu ukuze sihambisane nale mithetho," uJeff Moe, umholi webhizinisi lomkhiqizo, ibhizinisi elihlangene, eNyakatho Melika, uTrane utshele i-ACHR News.“Enye yezinto esizibhekile yigama elithi 'Ngaphandle Kokuthobela.'Isibonelo, sizobheka ubuncane obusha bokusebenzisa amandla ka-2018, silungise imikhiqizo ekhona, futhi sikhulise ukusebenza kahle kwayo, ukuze ithobelane nemithetho emisha.Sizophinde sifake izinguquko ezengeziwe zomkhiqizo ezindaweni ezithakaselwa amakhasimende ngokuhambisana namathrendi ukuze sinikeze inani elingaphezulu nangaphezulu kokwenyuka kokusebenza kahle.”

Onjiniyela be-HVAC nabo bathathe izinyathelo ezibalulekile ukuze bahlangabezane neziqondiso ze-DOE, beqaphela ukuthi kufanele babe nokuqonda okucacile kokuhambisana nemiyalelo emisha futhi bakhe imiklamo emisha yomkhiqizo ukuze ihlangabezane noma yeqe wonke amazinga amasha.

Izindleko Zokuqala Eziphakeme, Izindleko Eziphansi Zokusebenza

Inselele enkulu kubakhiqizi ukuklama ama-RTU ahlangabezana nezidingo ezintsha ngaphandle kokufaka izindleko eziphezulu ngaphambili.I-Higher Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio (IEER) izodinga izindawo ezinkudlwana zokushintsha ukushisa, ukuskrola okushintshiwe okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-compressor yesivinini sokuskrola okuguquguqukayo kanye nokulungiswa kwesivinini samafeni kumamotho ashisayo.

"Noma nini lapho kuba nezinguquko ezinkulu zemithetho, okukhathaza kakhulu abakhiqizi, njengo-Rheem, ukuthi umkhiqizo udinga ukuhlelwa kabusha kanjani," kusho uKaren Meyers, iphini likamongameli, izindaba zikahulumeni, uRheem Mfg. Co., engxoxweni ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. ."Zizosetshenziswa kanjani izinguquko ezihlongozwayo kulo mkhakha, umkhiqizo uzohlala uyinani elihle kumsebenzisi wokugcina, nokuthi yiluphi uqeqesho okufanele lwenzeke kosonkontileka nabafakayo."

Ediliza

I-DOE ibeke ukugxila kwayo ku-IEER lapho ihlola ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.I-Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) ikala ukusebenza kwamandla omshini ngokusekelwe ezinsukwini ezishisa kakhulu noma ezibanda kakhulu zonyaka, kuyilapho i-IEER ihlola ukusebenza kahle komshini ngokusekelwe endleleni osebenza ngayo phakathi nesizini yonke.Lokhu kusiza i-DOE ukuthi ithole ukufundwa okunembe kakhudlwana futhi ilebule iyunithi enesilinganiso esinembe kakhudlwana.

Izinga elisha lokungaguquguquki kufanele lisize abakhiqizi baklame amayunithi e-HVAC azohlangabezana namazinga amasha.

“Enye yezinto ezidingekayo ukuze ulungele u-2018 ilungiselela ushintsho lwe-DOE lwemethrikhi yokusebenza ibe yi-IEER, okuzodinga ukufundiswa kumakhasimende ngalolo shintsho nokuthi lokho kuzosho ukuthini,” uDarren Sheehan, umqondisi wemikhiqizo yokuhweba elula. , iDaikin North America LLC, itshele intatheli uSamantha Sine."Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, izinhlobo ezahlukene zabalandeli bokuphakela endlini kanye nokucindezelwa kwamandla okuguquguqukayo kungasebenza."

I-American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) nayo ilungisa amazinga ayo ngokuvumelana nemithetho emisha ye-DOE.Izinguquko zokugcina ku-ASHRAE zeza ngo-2015.

Yize kungacaci kahle ukuthi amazinga azobukeka kanjani, ochwepheshe benza lezi zibikezelo:

Ifeni enezigaba ezimbili kumayunithi okupholisa angu-65,000 BTU/h noma ngaphezulu

Izigaba ezimbili zokupholisa komshini kumayunithi 65,000 BTU/h noma ngaphezulu

Amayunithi e-VAV angadingeka ukuthi abe nezigaba ezintathu zokupholisa ngomshini kusuka ku-65,000 BTU/h-240,000 BTU/h

Amayunithi e-VAV angadingeka ukuthi abe nezigaba ezine zokupholisa ngomshini kumayunithi angaphezu kuka-240,000 BTU/s

Kokubili imithethonqubo ye-DOE kanye ne-ASHRAE izohluka ngokwezifundazwe.Ochwepheshe be-HVAC abafuna ukuhlala benolwazi mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga amasha esifundazweni sabo bangavakashela ku-energycodes.gov/compliance.

Imithetho Emisha Yokufakwa Kwesiqandisi Yezentengiso ye-HVAC

Iziqondiso ze-DOE HVAC zizofaka nemingcele esethelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesiqandisi e-US ehlobene nesitifiketi se-HVAC.Ukusetshenziswa kwemboni yama-hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) kwaqedwa ngo-2017 ngenxa yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni eyingozi.Ngasekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, i-DOE inomkhawulo wokuthenga into eqeda i-ozone (ODS) kubabuyiseli abaqinisekisiwe noma ochwepheshe.Ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kwe-ODS kufaka phakathi ama-hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFCs), ama-chlorofluorocarbon (CFCs) futhi manje ama-HFC.

Yini entsha ngo-2018?Ochwepheshe abafuna ukuthola iziqandisi ezifakwe kusigaba se-ODS bazodinga ukuba nesitifiketi se-HVAC esinobuchwepheshe bokusetshenziswa kwe-ODS.Isitifiketi sihle iminyaka emithathu.Imithetho ye-DOE izodinga ukuthi bonke ochwepheshe abaphatha izinto ze-ODS bagcine amarekhodi okulahlwa e-ODS asetshenziswa kumishini enamaphawundi amahlanu noma ngaphezulu esiqandisi.

Amarekhodi kufanele afake ulwazi olulandelayo:

Uhlobo lwesiqandisi

Indawo kanye nosuku lokuchithwa

Inani lesiqandisi esisetshenzisiwe elikhishwe kuyunithi ye-HVAC

Igama lomamukeli wokudluliselwa kwesiqandisi

Ezinye izinguquko ezintsha ezindinganisweni zesiqandisi zesistimu ye-HVAC nazo zizokwehla ngo-2019. Ochwepheshe bangalindela ithebula elisha lesilinganiso sokuvuza kanye nokuhlolwa kokuvuza kwekota noma konyaka kuzo zonke izisetshenziswa ezidinga ukubuyekezwa kwamaphesenti angu-30 eziqandisini zenqubo yezimboni zisebenzisa ama-lbs angaphezu kuka-500 wesiqandisi, i isheke laminyaka yonke lamaphesenti angama-20 lokupholisa imali kusetshenziswa ama-50-500 lbs esiqandisi kanye nokuhlolwa konyaka kwamaphesenti ayi-10 ukuze kuphole kamnandi emahhovisi nasezindlini zokuhlala.

Ingabe Izinguquko Ze-HVAC Zizobathinta Kanjani Abathengi?

Ngokwemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ze-HVAC ezonga amandla kuzothumela amaza othusayo kuwo wonke umkhakha wokushisisa nokupholisa.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abanikazi bamabhizinisi nabanikazi bezindlu bazozuza ezimisweni eziqinile ze-DOE eminyakeni engama-30 ezayo.

Lokho abasabalalisi be-HVAC, osonkontileka nabathengi abafuna ukwazi ukuthi izinguquko zizowuthinta kanjani umkhiqizo wokuqala kanye nezindleko zokufakwa kwezinhlelo ezintsha ze-HVAC.Ukusebenza kahle akushibhile.Igagasi lokuqala lobuchwepheshe kungenzeka lilethe amathegi amanani aphezulu.

Noma kunjalo, abakhiqizi be-HVAC basalokhu benethemba lokuthi izinhlelo ezintsha zizobonwa njengotshalomali oluhlakaniphile ngoba zizohlangabezana nezidingo zesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside zabanikazi bamabhizinisi.

"Siyaqhubeka nokuba nenkhulumomphendvulwano mayelana nemithethonqubo yokusebenza kahle kophahla luka-2018 kanye no-2023 ezothinta imboni yethu," kusho uDavid Hules, umqondisi wezentengiso, isimo somoya sokuhweba, i-Emerson Climate Technologies Inc."Ngokuqondile, besilokhu sixoxa namakhasimende ethu ukuze aqonde izidingo zawo nokuthi izixazululo zethu zokuguquguquka, okubandakanya izixazululo zethu zokucindezelwa kwezigaba ezimbili, zingawasiza kanjani ukuthi afinyelele ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu ngezinzuzo zokunethezeka ezithuthukisiwe."

Kube yisinyathelo esinzima kubakhiqizi ukuthi bavuselele ngokuphelele amayunithi abo ukuze bahlangabezane namazinga amasha okusebenza kahle, nakuba abaningi besebenza kanzima ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi benza kanjalo ngesikhathi.

"Umthelela omkhulu kubakhiqizi okufanele baqinisekise ukuthi yonke imikhiqizo yabo ihlangabezana namazinga amancane okusebenza kahle," kusho uMichael Deru, umphathi wobunjiniyela, i-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).“Umthelela omkhulu olandelayo uzoba ezinsizeni ngoba kufanele zilungise izinhlelo zazo nezibalo zokonga.Kuba nzima ngabo ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezintsha ezisebenza kahle futhi babonise ukonga lapho ibha encane yokusebenza kahle ilokhu iba phezulu.