Yayin da matsananciyar zafi ta addabi Amurka, Turai da Afirka, inda ta kashe dubbai, masana kimiyya sun yi gargadin cewa har yanzu mafi muni na nan tafe.Tare da kasashe ke ci gaba da fitar da iskar gas a cikin sararin samaniya da kuma damar samun ma'anar dokar canjin yanayi ta tarayya ta ruguje a cikin Amurka, yanayin zafi na wannan bazara na iya zama mai laushi cikin shekaru 30.

A wannan makon, mutane da yawa sun shaida mummunan tasirin matsanancin zafi na iya haifarwa a cikin ƙasar da ba ta shirya yin zafi ba.A Burtaniya, inda ba a cika samun kwandishan ba, zirga-zirgar jama'a ta rufe, makarantu da ofisoshi sun rufe, kuma asibitoci sun soke hanyoyin da ba na gaggawa ba.

Na'urar sanyaya iska, wata fasaha da da yawa ke ɗauka a cikin ƙasashe mafi arziki a duniya, kayan aiki ne na ceton rayuka a lokacin tsananin zafi.Koyaya, kusan kashi 8% na mutane biliyan 2.8 da ke rayuwa a cikin mafi zafi - kuma galibi mafi talauci - sassan duniya a halin yanzu suna da AC a gidajensu.

A cikin takarda na baya-bayan nan, ƙungiyar masu bincike daga Harvard China Project, wanda ke zaune a Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), sun tsara bukatun da ake bukata na iska a nan gaba yayin da ranakun da zafi ke karuwa a duniya.Tawagar ta sami babban gibi tsakanin karfin AC na yanzu da abin da za a bukata nan da shekarar 2050 don ceton rayuka, musamman a kasashe masu karamin karfi da masu tasowa.

Masu binciken sun yi kiyasin cewa, a matsakaita, a kalla kashi 70% na al'ummar kasashe da dama za su bukaci na'urar sanyaya iska nan da shekarar 2050 idan adadin hayakin ya ci gaba da karuwa, inda adadin ya zarta haka a kasashen da ke equatorial kamar Indiya da Indonesia.Ko da duniya ta cika ka'idojin fitar da hayaki da aka shimfida a cikin yarjejeniyar yanayi na Paris - wanda ba ta kan hanyar aiwatarwa - matsakaicin kashi 40% zuwa 50% na yawan jama'a a yawancin ƙasashe masu zafi a duniya har yanzu suna buƙatar AC.

"Ko da kuwa yanayin fitar da hayaki, akwai bukatar a samar da wani adadi mai yawa na na'urar sanyaya iska ko wasu zabin sanyaya sararin samaniya ga biliyoyin mutane ta yadda ba za su fuskanci matsanancin yanayin zafi ba a tsawon rayuwarsu," in ji Peter Sherman. , Abokin karatun digiri a Harvard China Project kuma marubucin farko na takarda kwanan nan.

Sherman, tare da abokin karatun digiri na biyu Haiyang Lin, da Michael McElroy, Farfesa Gilbert Butler na Kimiyyar Muhalli a SEAS, sun duba musamman a ranakun da haɗuwa da zafi da zafi, wanda ake auna ta hanyar abin da ake kira sauƙaƙan rigar-bulb zafin jiki, zai iya kashe ko da matasa. , masu lafiya cikin sa'o'i kadan.Wadannan matsananciyar al'amura na iya faruwa a lokacin da yanayin zafi ya yi yawa ko kuma lokacin da zafi ya yi yawa don hana gumi sanyaya jiki.

"Yayin da muka mai da hankali kan kwanakin da sauƙaƙan zafin wutar lantarki ya zarce kofa wanda yanayin zafi ke barazanar rayuwa ga yawancin mutane, yanayin zafin da ke ƙasa da wannan kofa na iya zama da gaske mara daɗi da haɗari don buƙatar AC, musamman ga jama'a masu rauni. , in ji Sherman."Don haka, wannan yana iya zama rashin la'akari da yawan mutanen AC za su buƙaci nan gaba."

Tawagar ta duba makoma biyu - daya wanda fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli ke karuwa sosai daga matsakaicin yau da kuma tsakiyar kan titi inda ake rage hayakin amma ba a yanke gaba daya ba.
 
A nan gaba mai yawan hayaƙi, ƙungiyar bincike ta kiyasta cewa kashi 99% na mazauna birane a Indiya da Indonesiya za su buƙaci kwandishan.A Jamus, ƙasar da ke da yanayin yanayi na tarihi, masu binciken sun kiyasta cewa kusan kashi 92% na yawan jama'a za su buƙaci AC don yanayin zafi mai tsanani.A cikin Amurka, kusan kashi 96% na yawan jama'a zasu buƙaci AC.
 
Kasashe masu tasowa kamar Amurka sun fi shiri don ko da mafi munin nan gaba.A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 90% na yawan jama'ar Amurka suna samun damar AC, idan aka kwatanta da 9% a Indonesia kuma kawai 5% a Indiya.
 
Ko da an rage fitar da hayaki, Indiya da Indonesiya za su buƙaci tura na'urorin sanyaya iska don kashi 92% da 96% na mazaunan biranen su, bi da bi.
 
Ƙarin AC zai buƙaci ƙarin iko.Matsanancin raƙuman zafin jiki sun riga sun lalata grid ɗin wutar lantarki a duk faɗin duniya kuma karuwar buƙatun AC na iya tura tsarin na yanzu zuwa ga ɓarna.A Amurka, alal misali, kwandishan ya riga ya kai sama da kashi 70% na yawan buƙatun wutar lantarki a cikin kwanaki masu zafi a wasu jihohi.
 
"Idan kun ƙara buƙatar AC, hakan yana da babban tasiri akan grid ɗin wutar lantarki kuma," in ji Sherman."Yana sanya damuwa a kan grid saboda kowa zai yi amfani da AC a lokaci guda, yana shafar buƙatun wutar lantarki."
 
McElroy ya ce "Lokacin da ake tsara tsarin samar da wutar lantarki a nan gaba, a bayyane yake cewa ba za ku iya haɓaka bukatun yau da kullun ba, musamman ga ƙasashe irin su Indiya da Indonesiya," in ji McElroy."Fasahar irin su hasken rana na iya zama da amfani musamman don magance waɗannan ƙalubalen, saboda daidaitaccen tsarin samar da kayayyaki yakamata ya dace da waɗannan lokutan buƙatun lokacin bazara."
 
Sauran dabarun daidaita ƙarin buƙatun wutar lantarki sun haɗa da na'urorin cire humidifier, waɗanda ke amfani da ƙarancin ƙarfi fiye da kwandishan.Ko mene ne mafita, a bayyane yake cewa tsananin zafi ba batu ne kawai ga al’ummai masu zuwa ba.
 
"Wannan matsala ce a yanzu," in ji Sherman.